Geophysical studies involve the exploration and investigation of the Earth's physical properties and processes through the use of various scientific techniques. This field includes the study of earthquakes, volcanic activity, magnetic fields, gravity, and seismic waves to understand the structure and composition of the Earth's interior. Geophysical studies are crucial for understanding natural hazards, resource exploration, and environmental monitoring. Researchers in this field use various tools and methods, such as seismology, gravity surveys, magnetic surveys, and ground-penetrating radar, to investigate the Earth's subsurface and its dynamic processes.